Most of what makes up the Chihuahua’s history is based on speculation and theory. There are several key points that most will agree on. The Chihuahua is named for the Mexican State that borders Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico. Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico. The most common theory is that the breed descended from the Techichi, a small canine that dates back to 5th century AD around the time that the Mayan Indians inhabited the Earth. The Techichi was a companion of the ancient Toltec Indians. The Aztecs, who eventually conquered the Toltecs, adopted the Chihuahua as a sacred icon of the upper class. It is said the dogs were used in religious ceremonies to redress sins and as guides for the spirits of the dead. Some believe that Chihuahuas originated on the island of Malta and that they were taken to other parts of Europe on trading ships. Another theory suggests that the Chihuahua was brought to Mexico from China over 200 years ago when rich Chinese merchants moved to Mexico. The Chinese have been known for dwarfing plants and animals.
APPEARANCE & STANDARD
The Chihuahua is an older breed by American Kennel Club standards, first registered in 1904. The breed is the smallest of all dog breeds. There are not different “breeds” of Chihuahuas although can vary in their appearance. Chihuahuas come in two varieties the long and smooth (short) coat and are best known for their large eyes and large erect ears. For the most part the breed’s average height ranges between 6 and 10 inches at the shoulder blades, but some chihuahuas may reach to 12 to 15 inches. The AKC standard states that the Chihuahua should not weigh more than 6 pounds. The average weight can range anywhere from 1.5 to 10 pounds. The AKC standard lists under Chihuahua color: “Any color – Solid, marked or splashed”. Under the same Chihuahua breed there are several sizes including the Standard Chihuahua which is the most common size, Micro Chihuahua, Teacup Chihuahua, Pocket Chihuahua, Tiny Toy Chihuahua, Miniature or “Mini” Chihuahua.
Chihuahua colors can vary and include the following:
- Silver
- Gold
- Fawn
- White
- Red
- Cream
- Chocolate
- Blue
- Black
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Chihuahua color patterns can vary and include following:
- Masks
- Sable
- Tricolor
- Merle Spotting
- Irish spotting
- Piebald spotting
- Extreme black or white spotting
- Dalmation spotting
- Brindle
- Tan points
IS A CHIHUAHUA RIGHT FOR YOU?
Chi’s are alert dogs similair to a terrier. Due to their small size they do not need much exercise. Taking time and trouble to train a chi will be very rewarding. It should easily master commands like good or bad dog, down, no, sit, etc. Fetch might be difficult, you are more likely to get an expression that says “you threw it, you go fetch it”. Smooth coated Chihuahuas need very little grooming due to their short hair and long coats need occasional brushing but still require minimal brushing.Chihuahuas can be sensitive to colder temperatures, so a sweater may be needed at times.Chihuahuas are highly intelligent and quite nosy, they love to investigate. They are good with families if the children are gentle and patient. A stimulating environment inside and outside, toys to play with, and company are best and when possible along with the companionship of another dog as well as the company of its owner. They are very intelligent and have a high I.Q. (for a dog).